Union of Concerned Scientists

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The November issue of FEED (Food & Environment Electronic Digest) had two related articles on animal husbandry. The first describes how the FDA may reject the advice of its own advisory committee that recommended against allowing fourth-generation antibiotics to be fed to animals. European data suggests that bacteria resistant to these antibiotics are already showing up in the human population, a major concern given the increased incidence of drug-resistant infections that patients are picking up in hospitals.

The last article describes how small-scale hog producers have much lower levels of Salmonella infections. Yet most hog production is still based on overcrowding and unsanitary practices, with routine use of antibiotics required to keep the animals healthy. Practices that seem logical from the perspective of the hog producer may have unintended impacts on the health of the consumers of these producers. Drug-resistant bacteria can spread to humans who do not directly consume products from these 'industrial agriculture' operations. Drug-resistance can also be transferred between bacteria species, further increasing the risk. The challenge is understanding the end-to-end implications of decisions, and building the full cost into the decision making process.

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